Artificial Intelligence :: Essays Papers

Artificial IntelligenceThe computer revolution has influenced everyday matters from the way letters are written to the methods in which our banks, governments, and credit flier agencies keep track of our finances. The development of insubstantial intelligence is just a small percentage of the computer revolution and how society deals with, learns, and incorporates artificial intelligence. It will besides be the beginning of the huge impact and achievements of the computer revolution.A standard definition of artificial intelligence, or AI, is that computers simply mimic behaviors of homos that would be regarded as intelligent if a human being did them. However, within this definition, several issues and views still conflict because of ways of interpreting the results of AI programs by scientists and critics. The most common and lifelike approach to AI research is to ask of any program, what brook it do? What are the actual results in comparison to human intelligence? For example, what matters about a chess-playing program is how good it is. Can it possibly beat chess grand masters? There is also a more structured approach in assessing artificial intelligence, which began opening the door of the artificial intelligence contribution into the science world. According to this theoretical approach, what matters is not the input-output relations of the computer, but also what the program can tell us about actual human cognition (Ptack, 1994).From this point of view, artificial intelligence can not only give a moneymaking(prenominal) or business world the advantage, but also a arrest and enjoyable beneficial extend to everyone who knows how to use a pocket calculator. It can outdo any living mathematician at multiplication and division, so it qualifies as intelligent under the definition of artificial intelligence. This fact does not entertain the psychological smell of artificial intelligence, because such computers do not attempt to mimic the act ual thought processes of people doing arithmetic (Crawford, 1994). On the other hand, AI programs that simulate human vision are theoretical attempts to understand the actual processes of human beings and how they view and interpret the outside world. A great deal of the debate about artificial intelligence confuses the two views, so that sometimes success in artificial intelligences practical application is supposed to provide structured or theoretical understanding in this branch of science known as cognitive science. Chess-playing programs are a good example.

A Sense of Justice :: Law College Admissions Essays

A Sense of Justice   Its midnight, and Im standing in the yard after a authorful speech at Memorial church building just a few hours ago. The night is chilly, and I unravel the sweater from around my waist and place it upon my shoulders. As I stand freezing in the yard, a steady stream of friends and associates pass by me offering congratulations. A short time before, I had delivered the introductory speech for our Black muniment Month campus guest speaker, Johnny Cochran. As I stood freezing in the yard, I was humbled. Cochrans message that night was that vigilant and systemic protest has profound power and can help deliver social justice. His message rang as true as Malcolm Xs call to social action from the same podium more than xxx years before. And, now, as the stars lit the yard electric, Cochrans words took me back to the first time I understood what protest meant to me and my sense of justice.   It was my first year at the most venerable institution in the world, a nd my high-school dreams had been achieved. Yet, that fall, I was feeling empty inside. As I drowned my sorrows in a latte at Au Bon torment near the T entrance, I noticed a large crowd gathering outside. I later learned that a short time before, an undergraduate running to the co-op had carelessly knocked a homeless man to the ground. As I looked up from my latte, I saw a homeless man front crawl around the sidewalk, yelling something about being   unable to see and cursing profusely. Nearby, I saw a woman I recognized as a senior, crawling around on the ground with him. Finally, she stood up, with a pair of broken glasses in hand. You bastard she screamed at the retreating undergraduate. I didnt know what to think. I had neer seen a white homeless person before, and certainly not one being helped by a black woman.   I approached the woman and told her my name. She was still all the way flustered and angry, her brown eyes flashing amid an expanse of curly hair. They jus t dont get it she grumbled angrily. I silently looked down. Suddenly, she turned to me. Sometimes, weve got to sit down and stand up for the dignity of human kind. Sometimes, weve got to do whats right. Silently, I nodded my head.

Corporal Punishment of Children Should be Banned Essay -- Spanking Chi

The term incarnate punishment is defined as the use of physical force with the intention of causing a child to experience pain, moreover not deformity, for the purpose of correction or control of the childs behavior (A Report 18). In America, parents use of corporal punishment in homes have been defined legally by the states as encompassing reasonable force with some states adding qualifiers that it must also be appropriate (AL, AK, AZ, CA, CC), moderate (AR, DE, SC, SD), or necessary (MT, NH, NY, OR, TX, WI). Three states see the need to clarify that corporal punishment is limited to nondeadly force (AK, NY, TX) (Gershoff, Corporal 540). Currently, over 90% of US families report having utilize corporal punishment as a means of discipline at some time (Physical). Parental corporal punishment is usually curtail to physical contact with an open hand, and to contact on extremities or buttocks, as in spanking, strapping, smacking, beating, or whipping (Remus 22). Behaviors that do ca use risk injury (e.g., punching, kicking, burning) are considered physical contumely (Gershoff, Corporal 540). Parents punish their children physically for discipline. However, parents corporal punishment may inadvertently result in child physical abuse administered by their anger. Sometimes they even intended to harm a child. In my opinion, physical abuse can be a potential outcome of corporal punishment. Parents use of corporal punishment in homes are likely to have few intended positive effects and many unintended negative effects. Besides, striking children frequently may worsen parent-child relationship as well as childrens future character flaw. In this case, corporal punishment of children in homes needs to be outlawed in America.Fi... ...b. 20 Nov. 2014.Robinson, B.A. Religious Tolerance. DoubleClick, 11 Apr. 2002. Web. 29 Nov. 2014.Should spanking Be Banned? stophitting. The Center for Effective Discipline. Jun. 2008. Web. 16 Nov. 2014.Straus, Murray A. Spanking and the Making of a Violent Society. Pediatrics 98.4 (1996) 834-836. Print.Straus, Murray A., and Glenda Kaufman Kantor. Corporal Punishment Of Adolescents By Parents A Risk Factor In The Epidemiology Of Depression.. Adolescence 29.115 (1994) 543. Web. 20 Nov. 2014.To Spank or Not to Spank? stophitting. The Center for Effective Discipline. Jun. 2008. Web. 6 Dec. 2014.Williams, Walter E. Making a Case for Corporal Punishment. Inside of the News 13 Sep. 1999. Web. 29 Nov. 2014.Wegner, Paul D. Discipline In The apply Of Proverbs To Spank Or Not To Spank? Jets 48.4 (2005) 715-732. Web. 16 Nov. 2014.

Cult Conversion: Freewill Or Brainwashing? :: essays research papers fc

The contr everyplacesy surrounding new religious movements seems to be foremost implicated with whether or not the members of these religions come of their own freewill or if they convert as a necessary and inevitable response to advanced coercion, or brainwash techniques employed by the cult leaders.The concept of brainwash came into popular existence in the 1950s as the result of attempts to try and explain the behaviour of some(a) American GIs who defected to the Communists during the Korean War (19 Oct 1999). M some(prenominal) people, including some professionals, found brainwash to be an acceptable explanation for the otherwise unexplainable behaviour. However, the brainwashing theory did nothing to explain why hundreds of other captured GIs chose to remain true to their country even at the risk of being tortured. It could not accurately account for the behaviour of a select few GIs when it did not offer any explanation for the behaviour of the majority.Since the 1950s, the c oncept of brainwashing has faded in and out of public consciousness with a tendency to flare up again in the face of public controversy. In the 1960s and 1970s the brainwashing debate again took center stage, this time in an attempt to explain the behaviour of so-called radicals who left behind a average life and opted instead for a cult existence.Although scholars of new religious movements would agree that religious groups often have substantial influence over their followers, they would also represent that the influence exerted in "cults" is not very different from influence that is present in practically every arena of life, (19 Oct 1999). Mainstream religions also exercise influence over their members concerning matters such as lifestyle choices, familial relations and monetary donations. Furthermore, most social scientists concede that some degree of influence is inevitable in from each one culture and facet of life even outside the arena of religious choice. Despit e the fact that there do not appear to be any studies that conclusively provide evidence of brainwashing as a legitimate explanation for joining an NRM, and in spite of the many studies that have refuted that brainwashing defending team successfully, the brainwashing theory continues to be debated regularly. The concept of brainwashing is still often relied on to account for behaviour that is otherwise culturally unjustifiable. If brainwashing is not an assume explanation for the conversion of people to NRMs than what is? A common theme on the anti-cult side of the conversion debate is the argument that members are, to varying degrees, predisposed to comely cult members.

Capital Punishment :: essays research papers

How often take a shit we heard the statement Two wrongs acceptt make a right? Yet, is this saying ever really applied to our lives? When do we ever turn the other cheek? As out-of-the-way(prenominal) as history is concerned, the human race has never felt the sting of a hand consecutively on both sides.Evidence to this can be found anywhere. Soldiers kill the enemy to win the war. Athletes become violent in order to obtain a trophy. And, in the judicial system, the ultimate crime of finish up is dealt with the ultimate punishment of death. Yet, it poses the question does the end really justify the means? Can societys practice of the death penalty be considered a moral disgrace?Justice is not without faults. Canadians Guy Paul Morin and David Milgaard were both wrongfully accused of murder. Both men spent many years part out a penalty which should have never been bestowed upon them. Although, if the death penalty was common practice in Canada, these innocent victims may have been executed. They may have been killed. Murdered. All because of a guilty verdict and societys desire to extinguish the flame of violence. The desire to have revenge. Yet, does the elimination of an wrongdoer bring congest their victims or heal the wounds of the families? Should we consent to causing pain for another family by killing their child? If the offender was your child, would you want to watch them die?Of course, there is always the stock that the threat of death acts as a deterrent to threatening offenders. However, the claim that this act really does deter violent crime is inconclusive, not proven, and passing difficult to disprove. For every set of statistics saying that it lowers the amount of violent crime, there is another to say it doesnt and another that states it does both. Using such an ambiguous argument to support a controversial act is not only unacceptable, but it is irresponsible. If there is any validity to this argument, it is negated by the actual amoun t of time an offender spends on death row.Endless appeals, delays, technicalities, and retrials keep those condemned to death waiting for execution for years on end. If the majority of death row residents live to an old time anyway, why would anyone be afraid of capital punishment? It would be just as easy to sentence offenders to life of captivity and work in a prison.

Latinos in Baseball :: essays research papers fc

I chose this topic because I thought that it was important to highlight the recent successes of the Latino baseball players to show how nonage groups can prosper in America. Latino atheletes put one across gain notoriety and riches through the sport of baseball. These are things that they couldnt have daydreamed slightly achieving without Major federation baseball. Major unify Baseball has given Latin Americans the opportunity to better their economic and social situation.Many Latin American children dream about playing baseball in the Major Leagues. One reason for this is because to them playing in the Major Leagues is a way out of their current situation. in that respect is poverty in many Latin American countries. Many children dream of being rich and famous like their Latin American heroes. Their heroes include Sammy Sosa. Sammy Sosa, because his homerun flight with Mark Maguire has become a household name. To many Latinos he represents the opportunity to succeed. He has opened doors for many Latinos to play in the Major Leagues. Many Latinos have taken advantage of this opportunity. Latinos now make up just about thirty percent of Major League Baseball players. There are currently almost two hundred Latino baseball players in the Major Leagues. Many of these Latino baseball players have experienced much success.Juan Gonzalez was the 1998 American League MVP. Sammy Sosa won the 1998 National League MVP award. Bernie Williams was the 1998 American League batting champion. Ivan Rodriguez won the 1998 America League MVP award. Pedro Martinez was the 1999 Cy Young Award winner. Rafael Palmiero won the American League Gold Glove Award in 1999. These are just a few of the outstanding Latino baseball players currently in Major League Baseball.The highest paid baseball player in Major League Baseball history is a Latino. Alex Rodriguez signed a seven-year contract for two hundred and cardinal million dollars in 2000. This not only made him the richest bas eball player ever, but also the richest Latin American athlete in history. The signing of Alex Rodriguez be that Latin American athletes deserved to sign big money contracts just like the other players.Teams are taking are taking advantage of the teemingness of talent in Latin America. All major League teams are active in the Dominican Republic. The Dodgers, the first team to move into the Latin American market, scout the areas talent closely. About one hundred and four of the two hundred and thirty-seven minor-leaguers they had under contract at the sire of the year were from that region.

French culture Essay

France is a Western Europe country with a existence of approximately 60. 4 million people as by July 2004. France has a diversity of devotions scarce the dominant religion is Roman Catholic with Jewish religion having the least followers (Kwintessential, 2010). These preliminary diversities in ethnicity and religion signal a diverse french nuance. This paper discusses french culture by looking into distinguishable beliefs and attitudes common to french people. Language is also a central part of French culture as considerably as other classical values. A diverse French culture Every people look at their identity which is mainly entrenched in their culture.The French atomic number 18 not exceptional for the French culture is rich in almost all dimensions. The culture is commonly best felt when you explore philosophy or by looking at the unique literary and art work. The input of French people in philosophy is outstanding with prominent philosophers like Rene Descartes (160 0s) prided as the pioneers of modern philosophy. Montaigne is also a renowned sixteenth century philosopher who is celebrated for his ability to institute as part of art. opposite French philosophers include Voltaire, Pascal and Jean-Jacques Rousseau (LERC, 2010).Having much(prenominal) renowned philosophers prognosticate that the French culture has been very influential not only in European countries but also in the Western nations and pr issueically the whole world. A peoples art is a mirror of the people and what their values are all about. French art is in the form of literary productions, battlefield as well as other forms of art. Some of the art works are very old thus portraying a rich history of the French culture. Some of the French artists who are known worldwide include Claude Monet who is known for his contribution to impressionist art which is an impression of ones view about nature (Cauderlier, 2009).Other artists include Edouard Manet, Auguste Renoir and Armand G uillaumin. The cathedrals of France such as the Notre Dame and Chartres cathedral are popular structures that showcase French artistry. In particular, the Notre Dame cathedral has its walls decorated with statues as well as gargoyles. On the other hand, Chartres cathedral has its windows made of about 3,000 m2 of stained glass (LERC, 2010). All these are magnificent features of the French art work. Writing, poetry and theatre make up a beautiful French literature. France prides of the Academie francaise which is made of prominent writers.The Hunchback of Notre Dame was for instance the work of novelist Victor Hugo in the 1800s. Among other French writes whose works have been influential in development of culture include Alexandre Dumas and Charles Baudelaire (LERC, 2010). In poetry, the works of Ronsard and Lamartine regarding nature and love are still influential (French Language, 2010). French theatre is also a unique symbol of French culture. For instance, Moliere has several com edies which portray the vanities of human nature as a satire. Other playwrights include Racine and Corneille.These pieces of literature unique to French people are a source of pride and identity to the French people thereby displaying one aspect of their culture. Language is an important aspect in the French culture. French is the predominant language with about 88 percent of the communicating through French with even most of the oddment speaking French and another language. Other spoken languages which are spoken by a small percentage of people include German dialects, Flemish, Italian, Catalan dialects, Breton and Basque. Immigrants have such dialects as the Corsu, Kabyle as well as Antillean Creole (Kwintessential, 2010).French people not only utilize verbal communication but they also regularly use non-verbal communication mainly in form of gestures. For instance, an eye contact is mainly used to signify equality or to act as a cue for friendship request. Shaking hands among ac quaintances is also highly regarded by French people. Specific gestures are used for counting (using fingers head start from the thumb) whereas covering ones mouth with the hands indicates making an apology or an acknowledgement that one has made a mistake (LERC, 2010).French people also have their food which is unique and defines them. French cuisine varies mainly according to regions in France as regions influence availability of food. The most common traditional meal is the baguette and cheese accompanied by wine. Other meals have several courses with an air of sophistication. Since each region has different ingredients, each region seems to specialize in such ingredients but the foods have commonalities such as use of olive oil and tomatoes.In addition to the influence of local availability, French foods also vary depending on the influence of bordering countries and immigrants (sauerkraut common Alsace which borders Germany) Lunch break usually takes about two hours for most people (FPSi, 2010) The French society also has unique family and societal values, impost and etiquettes which are an important feature of the French culture. The family is highly valued and they are families are composed of few children. The roles of each family member are clearly define with the parents being guardians and providers. The extended family offers support either financially or emotionally.French people usually develop open and polite dealings with family members and friends. Exchange of gifts bears slightly given etiquettes. For instance, one is not supposed to give an even number of flowers. Nevertheless, number thirteen is said to be unlucky and therefore such a number of flowers should not be given. It is also a requirement to open gifts immediately they are received (Kwintessential, 2010). French people are time sure and they value keeping time. For instance, one is not supposed to be late for dinner for an invited dinner for more than ten minutes without pri or explanation for being late.There are unique table manners such as being a requirement to finish food in ones plate. Business is usually conducted formally and courtesy is among the most important etiquettes. For a person who cannot speak French, it is always preferable for them to apologise if they are to establish a meaningful relationship. Dark-coloured suits are recommended for as business wear for men while women can do with either business suits or if it has to be a dress, then it must be elegant and having soft colours (Kwintessential, 2010). This is an exemplary culture as it has been adopted in the business environment virtually all over the world. ConclusionFrench culture is interesting, unique in many ways and has influenced other cultures in the world. The philosophy, art and literature are renowned worldwide and are an identity for the French people. French culture is also clearly defined in language, foods, general etiquettes in the society as well as unique business etiquettes. The French culture is undoubtedly interesting and influential especially if one considers every minor detail of the culture. As French, one finds reason to be proud of their culture which is outstanding even in the modern world. Bibliography Cauderlier, A. (2009). Monet. Retrieved 12, may 2010 from http//giverny.org/monet/welcome. htm FPSi. (2010). French food culture. Retrieved 12, May 2010 from http//www. france-property-and-information. com/french_food. htm French Language. (2010). French culture. Retrieved 12, May 2010 from http//www. frenchlanguageguide. com/french/culture/ Kwintessential. (2010). France-French culture, customs and etiquette. Retrieved 12, May 2010 from http//www. kwintessential. co. uk/resources/global-etiquette/france-country-profile. html LERC. (2010). French culture, communication and gestures. Retrieved 12, May 2010 from http//lerc. educ. ubc. ca/LERC/courses/489/worldlang/french/frenchcultandcomm. html

Shattered Glass

Bobby Taggart December 10, 2012 Tracy Crow Journalism Shattered screwball Response The photographic film Shattered Glass is about a journalist who writes for the New Republic Newspaper, who later gets caught for fabricating 27 of his stories. The journalists name is Stephen Glass. Glass was 24 when started working writing and describe for the New Republic. The New Republic is a well-known newspaper located in Washington D. C. Glass has had a reputation for having the most vivid stories. Glasss first suspicion of fabrication was noticed when he wrote a twaddle about the ACU (American Conservative Union).The Chairman of the ACU David Keene, first questions his story. His story contains a verbal description of drunken tricks by young Republicans and mini-bars. Stephens boss confronts him about the situation. Turns out that his story was true, except for one small detail about how there were no mini-bars but that fridges available to rent with alcohol in it. The young journalists, n ewest story comes about in a staff meeting, which is about Ian Restil, who is a young hacker. Restil hacked into Jukt Micronics security systems. Jukt Micronics proceeds by hiring the teenage hacker.After the issue is printed, the editor at Forbes Digital Tool questions his reporter Adam Penenberg how he didnt get the story on this teenage hacker who is hire by Jukt Micronics as a security consultant. Penenberg begins to investigate the article, as it already appears to be fishy. After more(prenominal) and more research, Penenberg takes his research to his boss showing him that nothing in the article exists. He then begins by making a phone call to Stephen for contact discipline on his sources mentioned in the article. The phone numbers given from Glass to Penenberg were made up as well.Stephens editor along with Forbes Digital Tools editor in the end found out that none of his sources existed. Stephens editor figures out that his brother lives in southern California, who has bee n setting up voicemails on his number to back up the fact checking process for him. This movie showed me how important it was to have all of your sources available and credible. Fabricating quotes is a serious manner in the journalism world. Fabricating anything can ruin an individuals reputation as a writer and can even take down an entire newspaper just like the New Republic Newspaper.Journalism is a load of work. Taking shortcuts in journalism will catch up to you and haunt you throughout the rest of your career. piece of music for a newspaper takes many countless hours of hard work without doubt. Therefore, fabricating anything in journalism can lead up to you being sued. Overall, this movie showed me a lesson in person and Im living up to the consequences right now. If you put the time and effort into getting important information, the results will show the rewards.

Gender Representations in Pride and Prejudice

08 Fall 08 Fall Discuss the ways in which gender has been represented in the text The handed-down incline gentleman is typically seen as a strong symbol of masculinity and elegance, its hard to not fall for their charm with the English young-bearing(prenominal) existence the henpecked housewife with utter beauty, but never her own opinion. In Pride and Prejudice written by Jane Austen, this is certainly not the case.First published in 1813, the story is about the romance between the young heroine Elizabeth bennet, the prejudiced middle fellowship daughter and the proud, wealthy eligible bachelor Fitzwilliam Darcy as they both scale their judge ments and fall in love. though English gentlemen were viewed as the stronger race with a high regard inwardly high society and strong social graces and husbands the head of the family with the utmost decision, the main male characters in the novel are portrayed as the challenges these characteristics.Austen uses the novels strong fem ale protagonist, Elizabeth Bennet to challenge to idea of women of that date of reference being weak and peaceful, whereas the eligible bachelor of the town, Fitzwilliam Darcy, lacks in the social predictions as he is portrayed as juvenile, especially when it comes to love and courtship. Mr Bennet, the father of the strong female heroine, is portrayed as withdrawn and passive compared to the erratic personality of his wife, Mrs Bennet.Through characterisation, Austen intelligently challenges the traditional masculine and feminine roles of the Regency Era. The novel was first submitted for publication in November 1719 down the stairs the alternative title First Impressions between October 1796 and August 1797. During this cartridge clip, the aftermath of the French Revolution was a time of intense ethical debate about revolutionist ideas and change about politics and sex equality. Austens novel does not comment on the events of war in her time, but rather on the impendent chan ge of ethics with regards to gender equality.Equality between men and women in that era was fairly non-existent as women were deemed the weaker race as a woman was expected to prevail passive throughout her life, marrying early and supporting her husband when need be, bearing children and living a rewarding social life. Men, however, being the head of the family and the husbands having superiority inside marriage, were deemed fit to defend their country and have high regard within society with strong social graces and a hardworking attitude in the home.Young women in the Regency period were traditionally seen as property of their fathers, and when married off, they were then deemed the possession of their husband and forever loyal to the men in their lives. The feisty heroine of Elizabeth Bennet challenges this expectation by being maintaining her independence in a time of feminine weakness being told you speak your opinion very decidedly for a woman of your age. In her first mar riage proposal from the odd Mr Collins, Elizabeth maintains her strength as rather than marrying for wealth, she refuses his proposal.Ignoring the expectations of her family, as well as society, Elizabeth maintains her hope in marrying for love in saying do you not consider me now as an elegant female intending to plague you, but as a rational creature oral presentation the truth from her heart as she implores Mr Collins to understand her motives in maintaining her independence, as she refuses to apologise for what she wants thus showing her strength and challenging the idea of women being submissive with the society.Similarly, when Elizabeth journeys across the countryside to Netherfield to tend to her ill sister, Jane, as she does so with the bravado and independence not quite readily present within the upper class society. Though others were unimpressed by Elizabeths independent behaviour, Darcy was quite impressed by her audacity as he says the brilliancy which exercise had att ached to her complexion as it gives women readers of that era an example of how women can be independent and not have to conform to the societys expectations, that they can rise above and become more than just the property of man.In the Regency period, upper-class men were deemed the epitome of social grace and confidence. With a facade of social standing, Fitzwilliam Darcy challenges this social stereotype. Though seemingly confident in himself, Darcys pride gets the better of him as he is characterised as immature for a man of his time. When discussing his past with Elizabeth, Darcy blames his parents for his lack of social skills as they allowed, encouraged and intimately taught him to be selfish and overbearing. This shows Darcys willingness to fault his parents for his lack of confidence, and for a man of his time is slightly childish. At the first ball he attends, Darcys clannish behaviour is seen as immature as he blatantly insults Elizabeth Bennet, to whom he first met. T o his friends, Mr Bingley, suggestion of dancing with Elizabeth, Darcy replies She is tolerable but not swelled enough to tempt me revealing him as a prejudiced man that is too proud to dance with that of the lower class portraying the upper class man as snobbish and conceited.The character of Darcy contrasts with the gentlemanly figure that has the upmost social graces within society, his awkward nature created by Austen shows the weaker side of man. Born into a reasonably wealthy family, Mr Bennet, though meant to be the head of the household, is characterised as passive and reluctant to be involved in his familys schemes. Described as so odd a mixture of quick parts, sarcastic humour, reserve and caprice Mr Bennet does not epitomise the societys expectations of the fatherly figure.During conversations with his family, particularly his wife, Mr Bennet would rather withdraw from the dispute to his drawing room or submissively obey to the commands of his wife, especially in the ope ning of the novel. By marrying his wife based on looks alone, Mr Bennet believes that the respect, esteem, and confidence had vanished for ever and all his views of interior(prenominal) happiness were overthrown challenging the idea that husbands had the final say in the relationship, and that marrying based on looks was appreciated within the society.In the opening, preoccupied by the newly arrived bachelor Mr Bingley, Mrs Bennet has many ideas and demands her husband take part for then he replies depend upon it, my dear, that when there are twenty, I will visit them all showing his willingness to make her happy rather than societys expectation of the woman keeping the man pleased. In a society preoccupied with the importance of marriage, Mr Bennet defends his daughters decision in rejecting Mr Collins proposal, telling her Your mother will never see you once more if you do not marry Mr Collins nd I will never see you again if you do showing his unwillingness to conform to the so cietys expectations of women marrying for wealth rather than love. The wife in the Regency period was seen as the exact opposite of the husband, a weak passive woman who did mainly domestic work and cared for her family whilst obeying her husbands orders. Mrs Bennet, however, certainly does not conform to these traditional roles. Described as a woman of mean understanding, little information and shot temper, Mrs Bennet is Austens comment on the equality of marriage.In the opening of the text, the reader is shown the erratic and overpowering personality of Mrs Bennet in contrast to the passive nature of her husband. Concentrated on marrying her daughters off to a suitable bachelor, Mrs Bennet overpowers the opinion of her husband in ordering him that you must go, for it would be impossible for us to visit him, if you do not showing her as domineering towards her husband portraying the wife figure in the novel to be more compelling compared to the husband.The use of the ultimatum ty pe deal from wife to husband, as this is at the beginning of the novel, foreshadows the theme of female authority throughout the text and in a time of oppression within a relationship as Mrs Bennet challenges the traditional role of the Regency eras housewife. Through Austens use of clever characterisation, she defies the traditional masculine and feminine roles of the Regency Era.The challenging of the societys values gave an alternative view of life for those living in the era. Though not portraying men in a good light, the novels feminist ideas gave women empowerment to speak up for their own beliefs and independence. Through strong characters such as Elizabeth and Mrs Bennet, women were given heroines to aspire to, and through the use of the submissive male characters of Mr Bennet and Darcy the strength of the women contrasts against the weakness of the male characters.Jane Austens comments on gender equality was a justly motion in her era, and still affect readers now in today s modern society. Bibliography Ashley Gardner, The Regency Era, 2005, viewed on the 5th May http//www. gardnermysteries. com/index-regency. html instigate and Dust, Gender Roles in the Victorian Times, April 7, 2008, viewed 7th May, Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen, first published 1813, published in Penguin Classics 1996, updated Further Reading and 1972 Penguin Classics Introduction by Tony Tanner 2003. The Republic of Pemberly, Jane Austen Information, 2004, viewed on the 10th May, Scribd, Pride and Prejudice Class and Gender, 2012, viewed on the 9th May,

Fashion during the Elizabethan Era

Keeping Up With the Fashion Field Clo diluteg and fashion during the Elizabethan Era was complex, complicated, and overly dramatic (Bloom). The Elizabethan Era, was a time period from 1558-1603 when Queen Elizabeth I reigned, and was a period when slew expressed who they were through creativity and originality (Black and Garland 16). many may say that the Era was important, as it was the Golden Age in English history. Fashion during the Elizabethan Era was very extravagant and over the peak. Fashion and style were competitive, varied by gender, and also depended on peerlesss social class.Keep up is a phrase to describe the attitudes toward fashion during the Elizabethan Era. There was forever and a day pressure to be up to date. Peoples attempts to stay in fashion cost them a lot of money (Lace). Land owners matt-up obligated to entertain the rulers such(prenominal) as the king and queen when they traveled, so they would arrange big parties, and they and their families wore th e most expensive clothes. Even the majestic court wanted to show off and out-dress everyone. When the royal court traveled, they often made the nobles go broke trying to corroborate up with their standard of display (Lace).All types of people from land owners to the royal court felt the pressure to keep up. Fashion and style were different for men and women who were not rich. It varied by gender. Women and men twain had fashion rules to follow. Men had to wear shabby materials which included sheepskin and wool (Elizabethan Era). They had to wear dull colors such as brown, dull blue and beige. Men wore low, flat hats. They also wore cheap bloomers made out of rough materials. Women wore material from sheepskin and wool like men. They also had to wear dull colors. Women wore aprons and bodices. The bodice fronts were often laced up.They did not wear jewelry or any other accessory. Men and women of working class both had restrictions on clothes, however, the clothes varied by gen der. No matter how rich a man or woman was, no one could wear what they pleased. Clothing during the Elizabethan Era was controlled by sumptuous laws. These laws were put in place to keep the class structure strict (Renaissance Clothing for Kids). Clothes defined who a person was and what class they belonged to. Upper classes wore bright colors. Their clothes were made from expensive materials such as velvet, satin, silk, taffeta and lace.They also wore costly Jewelry such as pearls. The upper class women would wear clothes that included several different layers of material, while others women wore thin materials. Typical people such as the working class wore simple clothes as described above. During the Elizabethan Era clothing was associated with rank. There were a variety of colors and choices one could pick from if they were in a high class or had a high rank (Sixteenth- Century Clothing). No one could wear whatever they chose because peoples clothing was controlled by laws.In c onclusion, the Elizabethan Era as a time period when Queen Elizabeth I reigned, between 1558 and 1603. During the Era, many palm such as poetry and literature grew and flourished. An area that flowered included style and fashion. Some may say that the era was a time when people had the opportunity to express themselves. Others feel that fashion and style during this time was restricted. In todays world, fashion is not as restricted as it was during the Elizabethan Era and both men and women are free to wear whatever they want. Works Cited Black, Anderson J. , and Mange, Garland.

Where is God When it Hurts?

In this book Yancey is out to give away out the root and whatever likely principle to pain. He refers to pain as a gift that everybody rejects. However, he views pain as an alarm system that God has provided to us to help us guard to our senses. He discusses pain in term of physical, emotional and spiritual pain and assists us to comprehend why we suffer and how to deal with our own pain and that of others. He does this by answering five all important(p) questions as discussed below Why is there such a thing as pain? Pain is non a later addition, God initiated it soon after Adam and Eve rebelled against Him.Yet, God did not bemuse a mistake by introducing pain as it serves an important role in our body and spiritual health. Pain is crucial to a normal life as without pain our live would be moneyed with danger and devoid of many basic pleasures. Pain is a vital element of our most fulfilling experiences. Pain and pleasure are entangled as they pee-pee closely and are almost inseparable. Hence, despite being unpleasant, pain has some good and useful purposes. Pain and sufferings are there to teach us a lesson when God is displeased with our actions.God uses circumstances to warn and punish us in cases of wrongdoings (Yancey, 2003). Is pain a message from God? Pain and suffering are Gods means of waking up our senses when we perk up done something wrong. We should not view pain as a punishment but kind of as a wake-up call for us to revive our purpose in life. Yancey tells us that when we see jobs coming our way we should reexamine our action to see whether they aline to Gods requirements. God uses pain to convey the message that we are doing something the wrong way and to show us thus we need to adjust our menstruate of action.How people respond to suffering? Most of the measure, people question God when faced with pain and suffering by asking hard questions that men have always asked for thousands of years. As we encounter pain, we are confronte d with feelings of hopelessness and helplessness. Majority of the people feel desperate and unable or ill-prepared to deal or handle the situation. However, we should find strength in messiah. He gives us the grace we need to counter pain and suffering. How can we cope with pain? It is not easy to go by dint of pain even for the greatest human beings. Anyone can break under pressure as Job did.However, we have a perfect example of Jesus Christ who successfully went through pain. Yancey is quick to point out that Jesus Christ is the only head of the church or Congregation that appeared on priming and experienced suffering as we do. We are encouraged by the fact that Jesus understands what we are going through and He knows that we can prevail everywhere pain. Also, when we reflect at how Jesus suffered on the cross, it gives us the courage and power to bear the pain we are suffering. Jesus also left us the church in order we may help each other during times of pain (Yancey, 1996) . How Does Faith help?Having faith in Christ is very important when it comes to suffering and pain. For example shut in we are sick, we can be healed if only we trust that God is capable of healing us. Faith can make us move a mountain which means we can conquer any kind of pain if we exercise faith in Jesus Christ. So, incase of pain we only need to gather enough faith and this will give us the power to move on. Faith is as a overcritical quality we must manifest if we are to face the problems ahead of us. We should allow our faith to grow deeper through prayers and bible readings to enable us to face up pain and distress (Gaines, 2007). Personal ApplicationCaregiver need to learn to listen, care and love their patients. Most caregiver no longer show any care for their patients. Pain and agony sometimes lead to discouragement and these people need someone to talk to and who can listen to them. Listening is one tune of caring to such individuals. Listening to those in pain can le ad to curing of emotional pain. The course of healing is involves a humble and challenging caper of generating and presenting a friendly environment where those in pain can reflect on their pain and distress without fear and create in them the confidence that makes them expect for new ways to solve their problems.The listener acts as a reflecting mirror to the sufferer. This allows the person to spot his or her feelings which mean that he/she is able to understand her/his problem better and he/she is in a position to starts the process of solving the problem. The patients have many piled up emotions which need to be expressed and listened to by a caring and humble person. Those in pain cannot hear the listener unless the listener first listens to all their pain (Chapman, 2006). We have always asked ourselves, where is God when it hurts?But I think the most appropriate question is where the church is when it hurts? The church must understand its followers and know those who are und er pain and to comfort those who are affected. The church should be there for them for example visiting them in hospitals, sharing with them consoling scriptures from the bible and even most importantly listening to them. We need to applause God not only for the good things He does to us but also during hard times. We only seem to praise God in times of joys and happiness but blame him in cases of problems some of which maybe of our own creation.

Issues in Human Resource Strategies That Improve Organizational Performance Essay

A rapidly changing economic environment, characterized by such phenomena as the globalization, and deregulation of markets, changing customer and investor demands, and ever increasing product market competition, has become the norm for well-nigh organization. To compete, they must continually improve their military operation by reduce costs innovating products and processes improving quality, productivity, and speed to market and more importantly by improving their individual mathematical operation within the organization.In order to do this, a set of distinctive human re author strategies, defined as internally consistent bundles of human resource practices (Dyer & Reeves, 1995), is clearly essential. Sparrow and Marchington (1998) suggested that HR practices are the most advanced, the most sophisticated, and the most efficient basis for organizing and for obtaining high procedure from employees since it seeks to strategicalally integrate the interests of an organization and i ts employees.In addition, a number of studies have in addition indicated that on that point is a positive relationship between effective HR strategies and organisational performance. Specifically, it is suggested that HR practices can improve organizational and operational performance when matched with quality manufacturing strategies (Stone, 2002). Nevertheless, notwithstanding the positive relationship found between HR practices and firm performance, there are a number of issues and questions surrounding them.One problem in relating HRM and performance is the lack of theoretical background resulting in both terms remain suspicious concepts. Other questions arise in relation with the link between HR strategies and performance are the inconsistent findings in regards to what constitutes a high performance HR strategy (Becker & Gerhart, 1996 Cooke, 2001) and the problems with HRM and performance measurements (Guest et al. , 2003). The aim of this essay is to outline and explain t he issues in developing human resource strategies that improve organizational performance.Specifically, the essay shall begin with presenting the issue of theoretical background of the concept of HRM and organizational performance. Subsequently, it shall discuss the issue slightly diversified strategies used to improve performance, and the problems in measuring HRM and performance. ?HRM and Organizational Performance The Lack of Theoretical Background Guest (1997) pointed out that to improve our understanding of the stir of HRM on performance we need a theory about HRM, a theory about performance, and a theory about how they are linked.Unfortunately, there has been a great deal of debates amongst leading researchers and practitioners about the concept and contributions of HRM practice in managing employees in overall organizational objectives (Loosemore, Dainty & Lingard, 2003 Analoui, 1998 Sparrow & Marchington, 1998). McCarthy and Stone (1986) argued that the concept of HRM is a mbiguous and that its contribution to organizational performance remains unclear and is not well understood.In addition, Sparrow and Marchington (1998) pointed out that rather than adding value to the business through its strategic integration with managerial objectives, HRM can remain a disappointingly mechanistic function. Similarly, there is no universal theory about performance (Guest, 1997). It was proposed that the meaning of performance involves two dimensions the types of criteria and the weight of each. Organizations have different interpretations of performance according to the sector of their industries.Service providers, for example, big businessman consider customer satisfaction as their top performance indicator, while manufacturers might view inventory level as an important criterion to measure their performance level. In addition, some organizations regularize financial results on top of their performance indicator list and employees job satisfaction at the bottom, but others may view this in the opposite position. As a result, it is hard, if not impossible, to define the concept of performance that applicable for all organizations.The impact of HR practices on firm performance is without a doubt an important way out in the fields of human resource management, industrial relations, and industrial and organizational psychology (Huselid, 1995 Jones & Wright, 1992). This literature, although coarsely conceptual, concludes that HR practices can help to create a source of sustained competitive advantage, especially when they are aligned with a firms competitive strategy (Jackson & Schuler, 1995 Wright & McMahan, 1992, both as cited in Huselid, 1995).Specifically, a large majority of published studies found an association between HR practices and firm performance, regardless of whether they are cross-sectional or longitudinal, whether conducted at establishment or caller level, whether based on strong performance data or subjective estimates, wh atever sector they are based on, whatever operational definition of HRM is used, and wherever they are conducted (Guest et al. , 2003). Nevertheless, despite the positive thrust of most empirical findings, Wood and de Menezes (1998, as cited in Guest et al. 2003) failed to find consistent associations between HRM and performance. Furthermore, Wood (1999) has also argued that the relationship between HRM and performance is relatively weak.One possible explanation lies in the various contingency factors, other than HR activities, that might contribute to organizational performance such as organizational culture (Kotter & Heskett, 1992 Van der Post et al. , 1998), business strategy (Richard & Brown Johnson, 1999), and political considerations (Ferris et al. 1998). ?Improvement Strategies Is There One lift out Way? Much of the research on the link between HRM and firm performance has looked at single HR practice such as salary or selection, while others attempted to look on the impac t of combining different HR practices to improve firm performance (Becker & Gerhart, 1996). Pfeffer (1998, as cited in Tyson, 1997), for instance, put forward a seven-principle best practice which he believed is universally applicable.The seven best practice HRM elements include employment security, selective hiring, self managed teams, high payment contingent on organizational performance, extensive training, reduction of status difference, and information sharing. Theoretically, bundling several HR practices should produce greater performance effects than either of the individual human practices (Dyer & Reeves, 1995). However, in reality, there is no single standardized bundle of HR strategies that is universally applicable for all organizations. Each firm might require different bundles of HR strategies to improve its organizational performance.

By Margaret Craven Essay

This intensity is an inspiring experience to read is somewhat of an understatement. Though a real small book in terms of novels lately, this work is complete and in depth enough that nothing is left lacking. A young person vicar, go down Brian accepts an assignment to a remote Indian village in the Pacific Northwest of British Columbia. Kingcome itself seems to become part of the landscape instead of detracting from the natural beauty. The people, the Kwakiutl tribe, argon as mysterious and reserved as the land they live in.Their walnut colored faces and sad eyes speak of secrets and speechless thoughts that Brian can not interpret at first. He notes to himself mentally as if they always seem to be waiting for something unless he can never quite deduce what. They treat him with respect and distance, a quiet monitor that he is an intruder, whether welcomed or not. He is the pureness man and therefore, far beyond being able to understand their circle of life and how they view that life. In return, Brian gives them that right to distance and struggles to be as unobtrusive a presence as he can be.He sees this as a challenge that he has been direct to accomplish in order to better their lives and thus better his as well. His vicarage and church are in ramshackle condition, a far cry from any said civilized habitat he was accustomed to but upon receiving a post dated letter from his Bishop that he would receive a stark naked manufactured vicarage, he sends a response declining the offer. He is determined to live as they live or as much as he can and open himself to their ways. It is not a feat slowly accomplished. His strongest ally is Jim Wallace, a native designated to aid and help the young vicar.Yet, Jim and Mark are just among a whole cast of fabulous and amazing characters from Calamity Bill, a forester, and to old Marta who is wise beyond sluice her extensive lifetime. Mark experiences the faith that the people hold in Christianity while the unde rlying teachings of their native other landliness is always present. Unknown to the vicar is the fact that he is dying and though his Bishop knew, he learns to accept all facets of life, unconstipated death, through the pragmatic and beautifully simplistic acceptance of the Kwakiutl people.As to often when one race invades another, the seduction one imposes their way of thought and practices upon the other. One of the close startling evidence of government interference was the soundbox of a drowned child that was required to lay in wait of burial for an undeterminable length of time. stark(prenominal) decom location had set in but still the Kwakiutl were forced to wait for the arrival of the Royal attach Police constable before the child could be buried.Obviously an accidental death, nothing truly needing an inquest, the constable showed little regard for the tribe and their customs by delaying his visit as broad as possible. Mark Brian got his first taste of governmental b eau racy with that act. Even he in his regulated position of the parishs minister could not override the law and bury the child within a respectful time. The government also imposed their restrictions of the Kwakiutl by the banning of their great potlatch dances, something that had been an important custom among the Indians for as long as memory served.The people were still allowed to have potlatch dances, but on a much smaller scale and the sole reason being that the potlatch could deprive one tribe of sufficient substance and demand in order to satisfy their chiefs need to be generous. Though the Kwakiutl spoke very little of any criticism in the governments interference, Brian sensed the deep resentment and silent anger that his charges felt to have their way of life altered so drastically.The one issue they were the most verbal about was the requirement to send their older children to a school in Vancouver which taught them the ways of the white civilization and insisted that it was the one true way to live. All the ancient ways of Kingcome were swept outside(a) and vitiated by this school. When the children came home from school, they were impatient with the time set ways of the elders of the tribe and their families could see the desire in them to leave the village for good and become part of the outside world.It was certain doom for Kingcome, both as a village and as a people. It was an assurance that life as the Kwakiutl as they had been for centuries would fade away into history and cease as a separate nation. Here in the village my people are at home as the fish in the sea, as the eagle in the sky. When the young leave, the world takes them and damages them. They no longer listen when the elders speak. They go and soon the village will go also. (Craven 62) In my opinion, the book was wonderfully enlightening and deeply moving.As the time was spent with the people, Mark Brian did, as his Bishop hoped, gave a finer insight into the beauty of life and the deepset roots of people who were content with their world as it was. A rare happiness that though not clearly evident on the surface, it was a thread of personnel that helped him face his own demise and still retain his faith in his own beliefs. I prime no reason for changing the book or looking for any detraction or assenting to as a complete work. It was a wonderful reading experienceWorks Cited/ReferenceCraven, Margaret, I Heard the Owl Call My Name, Dell Publishing, 1973

Night World : Daughters of Darkness Chapter 17

Well, she wasnt carnal knowledge kinds everything- tho she did defy the empowerment of the dark World, Ash said inhis most lazy, careless voice.Quinn said succinctly, How?It was late Monday afternoon and the lie was streaming through the western windows of the Burdockfarmhouse. Ash was wearing a brand-new shirt bought at the Briar Creek general store, a turtleneckwithlong sleeves that coered the almost-healedscars on his throat and arms. His jeans werebleached white,his hair was comb over the scabon the bear of his head, and he was playing the scene of his life.She knew active a rogue werewolf and didnt tell.anybody ab ejaculate in him.So she was a traitor. And what did you do?Ash shrugged. Staked her.Quinn laughed out loud. zero(prenominal) very, Ash said earnestly, looking intoQuinns face with what he knew were wide, guilelesseye-probably blue. See?Without taking his eyes from Quinns he whipped a pinkish-and-green country quilt off the carry on thecouch.Quinns eyebrows fl ew upward.He stared for a moment at Aunt Opal, who had been cleaned so that youd n invariably k instantaneously shed ever beenburied, and who had the picket stake carefully replaced in her chest.Quinn actu every(prenominal)y swallowed. It was the first clock time Ash had ever suffern him falter.You really did it, he said. There was reluctant respect in his voice-and definite shock.You know, Quinn, I dont opine youre quite as tough as you pretend. After all, no matter how you try toact interchangeable an Elder, youre nevertheless eighteen. And youll eternally be eighteen, and next year maybe Ill be older.Well, Quinn said, blinking rapidly. Well. Well___ I cave in to hand it to you.Yeah, I just decided the best thing to do was cleanup the building block situation. She was swallowting on,you know.Quinns dark eyes widened fractionally. I confirm toadmit -I didnt think you were that ruthless.Youve gotta do what youve gotta do. For the family honor, of course.Quinn cleared his throat. So-what just about thewerewolf?Oh, I took care of that, too. Ash meandered over and whipped a brown-and-white quilt offExhibit B. The wolf was a charred and contorted corpse. It had given Mary-Lynnette hysterics when Ashinsisted on pulling it out of the car, and Quinns nostrils quivered when he looked at it.Sorry, it does smell like burnt hair, doesnt it? Igot a little resiny myself, keeping him in the fire.You burned himalive?Well, it is bingle of the traditional methods.Just put the blanket digest, all right? Ash put theblanket back.So, you see, everythings taken care of. No humans involved, no extermination necessary.Yes, all right Quinns eyes were still on the quilt. Ash decided the moment was right.And by the way, it turns out the girls had aperfectly legitimate reason for coming. They justwanted to learn to hunt. Nothing illegal about that,is on that point?What? Oh. No. Quinn glanced at Aunt Opal, then finally looked back at Ash. So theyrecoming back now that the yve learned it.Well, eventually. They havent quite learned it yet so theyre staying.Theyrestaying?..Right. Look, Im the head of the familyon the West Coast, arent I? And I verify theyrestaying.Ash. Its about time on that point was a Night World outpost in this area, dont you think? You see whats happenedwithout one. You get families of outlaw werewolves wandering around. Somebodys got to stay here andhold deal the fort.Ash you couldnt payNight populate to strand themselves out here. Nothing but animals to feedon, nobody but humans to associate with Yeah, its a dirty job, but close toones got to do it.Be billets, wasnt it you who said its not goodliving your whole life unaffectionate on an island?Quinn stared at him, then said, Well, I dont thinkthis is much better.Then it serves my sisters right. Maybe in a a few(prenominal) years theyll appreciate the island more. Thentheycan hand the job over to someone else.Ash no one else is going to comehere.Well. With the battle won, and Quinn simplylooking dazed and as if he wanted to get back toLosAngeles as disruptive as possible, Ash allowed himself asmall mea sure of truth.I might come visit them someday, he said. He did a beautiful job, rowan said that evening.We heard it all from the kitchen. You would have loved it.Mary-Lynnette smiled.Quinn cant take care to get away, chew said, intertwining her fingers with specialises.Kestrel said to Ash, Id just like to be around when you excuse all this to Dad.Thats funny, Ash said. I feel just the opposite. Everyone laughed-except Mary-Lynnette. Thebig farm kitchen was warm and bright, but the windowswere darkening. She couldnt see anything in thegathering duskiness-in the last two days the effects of her blood exchange had faded. Her senses wereordinary human senses again.Youre sure you wont get in trouble? sheasked Ash.No. Ill tell our dad the truth-mostly. That anoutlaw werewolf killed Aunt Opal and that I killedthe werewolf. And that the girls are better o ff here,hunting quietly and watching out for other rogues.Theres sure to be some record of the Lovett fam ily. Dad can check out the history all he wants.A whole family of outlaw werewolves, Kestrel said musingly.Ofcrazy werewolves, Ash said. They were as dangerous to the Night World as any vampirehunters could be. God knows how long theyve beenhere-long enough for their land to get named MadDog Creek.And for people to erroneous belief them for Sasquatch, Mark said.Rowans brown eyes were troubled. And it wasmy fault that you didnt know, she said toMaryLynnette. I told you-he couldnt be the killer. Im sorry.Mary-Lynnette captured her gaze and held it. Rowan, you arenotgoing to feel censurable for this. Youcouldnt have realized. He wasnt killing for food like a normal werewolf. He was killing to nourish histerritory-and to scare us.And it might have worked, Mark said. Exceptthat you guys didnt have anywhere else to go.Ash looked at Mark, then at his sisters. I have a question. Is t he territory around here going to beenough foryou?Of course, Rowan said, with gentle surprise.We dont always extremity tokill the animals, Jade said. Were getting it down pat now. We cantake a little here and a little there. Heck, we can even trythe goat. Id rather try Tiggy, Kestrel said, and for a moment her golden eyes glimmered. Mary-Lynnette didnt differentiate it, but she wondered sometimes about Kestrel. If maybe, someday, Kestrel might need a biggerterritory of her own. She was a lot like Jeremy in some ways.Beautiful, ruthless, single-minded. A authoritative Night Person.And what about you? Ash said, looking at mark.Me? Uh Well, when you get down to it, Im kind of a beefburger guy.I tried to take him hunting last night, Jade interpreted. You know, just to show him. exactly he threw up.I didnt actually-Yes, you did, Jade said calmly and cheerfully.Mark looked away. Mary-Lynnette keyd they didnt stop holding hands.So I take it youre not going to become a vampire, Ash said to Mark.Uh, lets just say not any time soon.Ash turned to Mary-Lynnette. And what about the human end of things? Do we have that taken care of?Well, I know everything thats going on intown-by which I mean that I talked with BunnyMartenthis morning. Im so glad shes not a vampire, incidentallyMark said, I always knew itAnyway, heres the quick version. MaryLynnette held up a finger. One, everybody knowsthat Jeremyis gone-his boss at the gas station commanded him yesterday and went up to check the trailer. They found a lotof uncanny stuff there. tho all they know is that hes disappeared.Good, Rowan said.Mary-Lynnette held up another finger. Two,Dad is sorry but not surprised that the stationwagon blewup. Claudine has been predicting itwould for a year.Another finger. Three, Mr. Kimble doesnt have any ideawhatkilled his horse-but now he thinks it wasan animal instead of a person. Vic Kimble thinks it was maybe Sasquatch. He and Todd are veryspooked and want to get out of Briar Creek f orgoodAnd lets have a moment of silence to show howwell miss them, Mark said solemnly, and blew a raspberry.Four, Mary-Lynnette said, holding up a fourthfinger, you girls are eventually going to have tomention that your aunt hasnt come back from her vacation. just I thinkyou can wait awhile. Nobodycomes out here so nobody will notice shes gone. And I think we can bury her and Jeremy safely. Even ifsomebody finds them, what have they got? A mummy that looks about a thousand years old and a wolf.They wont be able to connect them to the missing people. shortsighted old Aunt Opal, Jade said, still cheerful.But she helped us in the end, didnt she?Mary-Lynnette looked at her. Yes, there it is, shethought. The bullion in the eyes when you laugh aboutdeath. Jade is a true Night Person, too.She did help. And Im going to miss her, she said out loud.Kestrel said, So everything is taken care of.Seems like it. Ash hesitated. And Quinn is waiting down the road. I_ told him it would onlytakea co uple hours to finish making arrangements and say goodbye.There was a silence.Ill see you off, Mary-Lynnette said at last.They went together to the front door. When theywere outside in the twilight Ash shut the door be hinder(prenominal)them.You still can come with me, you know.With you and Quinn?Ill send him away. Or Ill go and come back tomorrow and get you. Or Ill come back and stay.You need to go tell your father about this. engage everything right with him, so its safe for yoursisters. You knowthat.Well, Ill come back afterthat,Ash said, with an edge of desperation to his voice.Mary-Lynnette looked away. The sun was gone. spirit east, the sky was al desexualize the darkest purpleimaginable. Almost black. Even as she watched, a starcame out. Or-not a star. Jupiter.Im not ready yet. I wish I were.No, you dont, Ash said, and he was right, of course. Shed known ever since she sat there bytheroad, crying while her car burned. And althoughshed thought and thought about it since the n, sitting inher darkened room, there was nothing she coulddo to change her own mind.She would never be a vampire. She just wasnt cutout for it. She couldnt do the things vampires hadtodo-and stay sane. She wasnt like Jade or Kestrelor even Rowan with her pale sinewy feet and herinstinctive love of the hunt. Shed looked into the heart of the Night World . . .and she couldnt join it.I dont want you to be like that, Ash said. Iwant you to be likeyou. Without looking at him, Mary-Lynnette said, Butwere not kids. We cant be like Jade and Mark, andjust hold hands and giggle and never think about the future.No, were only soulmates, thats all. Were onlydestined to be together forever.If weve got forever, then you can give me time, Mary-Lynnette said. Go back and wander alittle. Take a look at the Night World and sacrifice sure youwant to give it up I know that already.Take a look at humans and make sure you wantto be tied to one of them.And think about the things Ive done to humans, maybe ?Mary-Lynnette looked at him directly. Yes.He looked away. All right. I admit it. Ive got a lot to make up for.Mary-Lynnette knew it. Hed thought of humansas vermin-and food. The things shed seen in hismind do her not want to picture more.Then make up for what you can, she said, although she didnt dare really hope that he would.Take time to do that. And giveme time to finish growing up. Im still in high school, Ash.Youll be out in a year. Ill come back then.It may be too soon.I know. Ill come back anyway. He smiled ironically. And in the meantime Ill fight dragons,just like any knight for his lady. Ill see myself. Youll be proud of me.Mary-Lynnettes throat hurt. Ashs smile disappeared. They just stood looking at each other.It was the obvious time for a kiss. Instead, they just stood staring like hurt kids, and then one ofthemmoved and they were holding on to each other. Mary-Lynnette held on tighter and tighter, her faceburied in Ashs shoulder. Ash, who seemed to have lost it altog ether, was raining kisses on the back ofher neck, saying, I wish I were a human. I wishI were.No, you dont, Mary-Lynnette said, seriously unsteady because of the kisses.I do. I do.But it wouldnt help, and Mary-Lynnette knew he knew it. The problem wasnt simply what he was, itwas what hed done-and what he was going to do. Hed seen too much of the dark side of life to be anormal person. His nature was already formed, and she wasnt sure he could fight it. accept in me, he said, as if he could hear her.Mary-Lynnette couldnt say yes or no. So she did the only thing she could do-she lifted her head. Hislipswere in the right place to meet hers. The electric sparks werent painful anymore, she discovered? and thepink haze could be quite wonderful. For a time everything was warm and sweet and strangelypeaceful.And then, behind them, somebody knocked on thedoor. Mary-Lynnette and Ash jumped andseparated.They looked at each other, startled, emotions still tooraw, and then Mary-Lynnette realized where she was. She laughed and so did Ash.Come out, they said simultaneously.Mark and Jade came out. Rowan and Kestrel werebehind them. They all stood on the porch-avoidingthe hole. They all smiled at Ash and Mary-Lynnette in a way that made Mary-Lynnette blush.Goodbye, she said firmly to Ash.He looked at her for a long moment, then looked at the road behind him. Then he turned to go.Mary-Lynnette watched him, blinking away tears.She still couldnt let herself cerebrate in him. But therewas no harm in hoping, was there? In wishing. Evenif wishes almost never came true.Jade gasped. LookThey all saw it, and Mary-Lynnette felt her heartjump violently. A bolt of light was streaking acrossthedarkness in the northeast. Not a little wimpyshooting star-a brilliant green meteor that crossedhalf thesky, showering sparks. It was right above Ashs path, as if lighting his way.A late Perseid. The last of the summer meteors. But it seemed like a blessing.Quick, quick, wish, Mark was telling Jade e agerly. A wish on that star you gotta get.Mary-Lynnette glanced at his excited face, at theway his eyes shone with excitement. Beside him, Jadewas clapping, her own eyes wide with delight.Im so glad youre happy, Mary-Lynnette thought. My wish for you came true. So now maybe I can wish for myself.I wish I wish Ash turned around and smiled at her. See you next year, he said. With slain dragonsHe started down the weed-strewn path to the road. For a moment, in the belatedly violet twilight, he didlookto Mary-Lynnette like a knight walking off ona quest. A knight-errant with shining flaxen hair and noweapons, going off into a very dark and dangerous wilderness. Then he turned around and walkedbackward, waving, which ruined the effect.Everyone shouted goodbyes.Mary-Lynnette could feel them around her, her brother and her three blood-sisters, all give out warmthand support. Playful Jade. Fierce Kestrel. Wise and gentle Rowan. And Mark, who wasnt sullen andsolitary anymore. Tiggy wound himselfaround her ankles, purring amiably.Even when were apart, well be looking at the same sky Ash yelled.What a line, Mary-Lynnette called back. But hewas right. The sky would be there for both ofthem.Shed alwaysknow hewas out there somewhere,looking up at it in wonder. Just knowing that wasimportant. And she was clear on who she was at last. Shewas Mary-Lynnette, and someday shed discover asupernova or a comet or a black hole, but shed doit as a human. And Ash would come back next year.And she would always love the night.The End

Sports Dissertation Topics

Sport dissertation Topics IntroductionA degree in Sports Science could assist students seeking to build a career in fluctuations therapy, train, develop custodyt or personalized pedagogy. As a student sighting sports science, you can become a sports administrator, events organiser, sports psychologist or health onward motion specialist (Guardian, 2010). It is therefore very important for sports students, looking for sports dissertation ideas to choose one that could help oneself climb on their career further.Here are a list of sports dissertation titles within which you can base your research.Sports Dissertation Topics1. Exercise and physiology1. Physiological foundation and surgical operation in football game A field of operations on heftiness intensity as the key factor for determining success among elite footballers in England2. Muscle specialty in swimming A eccentric hold of the human kinetics form and superfluous go through functions in swimming activities3. Neural variations in resistive achievement Investigating the factors limiting performance among gymnasts and recommendations for breeding4. The physiologic and psychological characteristics of professional body builders A training on the co-relation between nutrition, behavior and performance among the elite body builders5. Isometric power in skeletal ponderosity Comparing single bodybuilder fiber strength and reproduction in athletic activities.6. Aging do on massiveness cognitive process and morphology A education on muscle transformation among women athletes in menopa enjoyment and beyond7. leeway to training and strength Neurological and Morphological input to improved bone strength and development in strength training8. personnel and nutrition An investigation on the modern and traditional methods of training and the progress of strength and balance in retired professional footballers9. Muscle strength and sex A test on the comparative muscle strength in men a nd women athletes.10. Muscular strength and training among the elderly A sphere of historic period related diseases and risk factors involved among the old gymnastsTo get help with this dissertation or to get price on a fashion-built essay Contact Us Today2. Sports and nutrition1. Sports and nutrition A comparative subject area on pre-game diet and meal matching activities and how they help increase the performance of players in football.2. Nutrition and athlete performance A vignette on the different models of nutrition recommended for vegetarian athletes3. Protein requirements in strength sports A comparative study on protein postscript for bone development and optimal performance in strength training.4. Vitamins and athlete performance A study of vitamin add-onation for peak performance in athletic contest5. Depletion of vitamins in athletics. A comparative study on the use of protein and carbohydrate supplements to rec all over muscle glycogen after strength training.6 . Iron requirements in sports A study on the level of iron requirements among women and men athletes7. Supplements and athlete performance Investigating the use of citrate, glutamine and bicarbonate supplements and their effects on athlete performance8. supporter performance and caffeine intake A study on the contemporary issues of caffeine intake and their effects on athlete performance.9. Is vitamin D a major concern for athletesA result study of Vitamin D supplementation on resistance trained athletes10. The use of prescribed supplements in sports A study on the viewpoint of international sports association on supplement intake.To get help with this dissertation or to get set on a use of goods and services essay Contact Us Today3. Sport Pharmacology & Exercise1. Drug supplementation and peak performance in athletics Examining the comparative effects of drug supplementation among the elite athletes, a case study of supplement and non-supplement users2. The use of prescribed dr ugs and supplements in athletics A study of the everyday used drugs and supplements for respiratory cardiovascular diseases in athletics.3. Hypertension and exercise The stand of international sports association on the management of hypertension among physically active patients and athletes4. Ergogenic aid and pharmacology in sports A case study of the use of diuretics in sports and the influence of physical activities on drug therapy for respiratory and cardiovascular diseases among elite athletes5. manipulation Bronchial complications in sports A case study of the athletes subjected to the inhalation of the beta2-agonist during the 2012 London Olympics.6. Asthmatic tri-athletes A study on the effects of training, exercise and medication among asthmatic athletes7. The legal capacity for Drug and supplement use in sports A study on the international legislations on drug and supplement use in football.8. Adrenaline rush in sports A case study of black white females over the age of 45 in the UK and in the unite States9. Chronic medical conditions and nutrition requirements A comparative study on the nutritional requirements for athletes with chronic conditions10. Cardiovascular medication in sports A case study of athletes apply cardiovascular medication in the 2012 Olympics and the challenges of using heart rate as a measure of exercise intensity/capacityTo get help with this dissertation or to get pricing on a custom essay Contact Us Today4. orbiter mobile phones1. Stem cell therapy A comparative study on stem cell therapy and the implications for tr eating cartilage deficiencies and osteoarthritis for athletic sports2. The satellite cell cycle Investigating the richness of satellite stem cells in growth, maintenance, principle and muscle regeneration during gym training.3. Disease control and muscle adaptation in athlete training A study on the role of the myo-nuclear domain in the differentiation and proliferation of the stem cell cycle, diseases and adaptation4. broadcast cells in aging athletes A study on the alteration of satellite stem cells between young and old athletes and the importance of satellite cells in regulation of muscle mass5. Testosterones and satellite cells A study on the molecular and cellular mechanisms and the influence of testosterone on the skeletal muscles for performance enhancement in sports6. Satellite stem cells and athlete training A study on the effects of heavy resistance training on satellite stem cells in the skeletal muscle of athletes7. Hyperplasia, satellite cells and hypertrophy Investigating the cell division orientation and the heterogeneity of swimmers satellite cell muscles8. The development of satellite stem cells A study on the origin, proliferation, functions and the status of the satellite stem cells9. Satellite stem cells adaptation A study of the trapezius muscles during aerobic or selection training10. Satellite cells and age related factors Investigating the heterogeneity and function-ability of an adult athlete satellite stem cells.To get help with this dissertation or to get pricing on a custom essay Contact Us Today5. Mitochondria and physical conditions1. A study on the relationship between mitochondria development, strength and physical fitness in the physical condition of athletes with reference to insulin sensitivity2. Mitochondrial functions and cell metabolism A study of the effects of partial dipper acid oxidation and mitochondrial overload and their contribution to the increment in of resistance of the skeletal muscles in endurance training3. Aging and metabolism A study on the use of anti aging drugs to block metabolic related syndromes among elder athletes4. metabolic disorders Combating insulin and obesity using drugs and exercise mimetics in the skeletal muscles of athletes5. nookie the increase of muscle mitochondrial help reduce insulin resistance caused by racy fat dietsUnderstanding insulin resistance and utmost fat diet in st rength training6. Can metabolic flexibleness and glucose tolerance be compromised by specific muscle deletion of carnitine acetyltransferase after exerciseA comparative study on the metabolic fitness and muscle exercise in power lifting trainings7. Metabolic fitness and obesity A study on cellular energy transductions and their influence to obesity among athletes.8. Carnitine deficiency A study on the effects of over nutrition and aging on metabolic control and mitochondrial performance in strength training9. Metabolic fitness and type 2 diabetes Revisiting the connection between type 2 diabetes and mitochondrial oxidation functions in flexibility training10. Metabolic health and diseases A study on the functions of mitochondrial uncoupling and lipid oxidation during aerobic training and mental conditioningTo get help with this dissertation or to get pricing on a custom essay Contact Us Today6. Biomechanics in Sports1. inalienable biomechanics and strength training A study of muscu lus pect unwrittenis bench recruitment practices applied in bench pressing variation in weight lifting training.2. Intrinsic and extrinsic biomechanics A study on newbie gains, their duration, registration of gain levels among male and female athletes3. Biomechanics and alimental supplementation in weight training A study of the different gain levels on supplement users and non users both on a good diet in a period of four months.4. Strength training A study on the use of bands in strength training to increase muscle gains and their benefits.5. Gender in Sports Investigating the performance and biomechanics of coaching in elite female athletes in news program training6. Biomechanics and temperature Investigating athlete muscle reactions during isometric training in relation to temperature variations. A case study of African and European athletes7. Athletic sports and puberty training A study of the female athlete before and after puberty and the possible metabolic effects8. Biomec hanics preparation in sports A study on the importance of biomechanics preparation before German volume training9. Biomechanics and human movements Revisiting the biomechanics of cell biological science for health and nutrition in circuit trainings10. Bio measurement and human physiology Developing aspects for human physiology understanding, homeostasis maintenance and physiologic parameters in human health and nutrition during body building trainingTo get help with this dissertation or to get pricing on a custom essay Contact Us Today7. Health and puff up up being in sports1. Functional assessment and physical conditioning in aerobic endurance and football training Investigating the need for structured exercise and physical activity in the psychological and physiological development and the well being of footballers2. Exercise and nutrition in athletics A study on the relationship between health nutritional consumption and physical activities of elite athletes3. Exercise optimiz ation and metabolic training Examining the theories, principles and concepts connected to metabolism of nutrients during metabolic training.4. Subjective well being among college footballers A case study of England college footballers5. athletic supporter well being and performance. A comparative study on the effects of mental well being on physical activities among elite athletes6. Subjective well being in swimming as a sport A study on the science of life satisfaction and happiness in relationship to the performance of swimming professionals7. Cultural well being in football A case study of black athletes in co-relation to their self esteem and satisfaction in performance in European football clubs8. Subjective well being and athlete performance A meta-analysis of the personality traits of elite athletes and their contributions to performance9. Marital status and subjective well being in football as a sport A case study of married and single footballers in England10. Subjective w ell being, age and sex in football training Investigating the changes in physical activities in relation to cross-sectional gender and age in football strength training.To get help with this dissertation or to get pricing on a custom essay Contact Us Today8. Exercise psychology1. Investigating the hardships faced by coaches on behavioral intervention and performance coaching. A case study of the England National team coaching fraternity2. Exercise and parenthood A study on the barriers experienced by working parents with microscopic children and the probable effects on performance3. Homosexuality in coaching A case study of Gay coaches in the National Collegiate Athletic Association4. Gender and cultural analysis in exercise and practice Analyzing gender and cross- cultural disparities in sports. A case study of black footballers in S wo(e)5. Gender in coaching A study on the perception of different divisions in coaching male and female athletes6. Sport injury A study on the effec tiveness of using the combine model of sport injury to improve psychological improvements of injured high school athletes.7. Is fatness a cause of embarrassmentA study on the pressures experienced by college female gymnasts on body image8. lead in sports A study of college athletes and their perception on coaches and team captains.9. Career transition in sports A case study on the psychological effects of career ridding injuries in football academies in the United Kingdom.10. Eating behaviors and body image A study on the influences posted by the UK media on the eating behaviors of female athletes in England.To get help with this dissertation or to get pricing on a custom essay Contact Us Today9. Clinical exercise psychology (CEP)1. A study on the effectiveness of music beat frequencies on exercise intensity among athletes and its implications in pace setting in practice. A case study of online and television gymnasts2. Does child hood exposure to smoke increase the chances of pu lmonic abnormalities in child athletesA study on the effects smoke in children3. Do PDE5 inhibitors affect argument pressureA study on the effects of using PDE5 inhibitors (Viagra) among male footballers4. Pacing strategies in training A study on the effects of non uniform pacing and how it affects performance during practice.5. Resistance training among cardiac patients A study on the disparities in response and rehabilitation results among athletes with cardiac problems6. Age and training A study on the discrepancies in the learning process among athletes of different age groups7. The psychological and physiological effects of Non Impact aerobics A case study of women athletes over 45 years8. Does athletes trained in high aggrandisement areas perform better than athletes trained in low altitude areasA case study between athletes from high altitude areas and low altitude areas in Europe9. Metabolic Disorders and exercise Prescriptions for Cardiac and pulmonary athletes A study o n the techniques, responses, prescription, exercise, programming and adaptations of athletes with heart and chest complications10. Motivational factors in training The psychological and physiological perceptions of youthful athletesTo get help with this dissertation or to get pricing on a custom essay Contact Us Today10. Sport Science and Exercise1. The effects of physical activity and the use of oral contraceptives A six month study on college female athletes in the United Kingdom2. Athlete performance and family back ground A study on the performance of athletes tracing their back movement from childrens home and how it affects their performance3. A prospective study on the comparison of the effectiveness of tonic goal settings among upcoming athletes and elite athletes4. Autism and sports A study on the performance of children with spectrum autism and normal children in midriff schools5. The use of androgenic anabolic steroids in volatile sports A case study of boxing as a spo rt6. The application of muscle power in sports and their effects on injury, risk and pain A study of female and male rugby players7. Women and sports A study on the role of sports in the enhancement of women in the society and body image development8. School settings and its effects of students performance A study on the best sport performing higher level institutions in England9. Leisure and sports A study on the lifestyles of elite footballers in England and their effects on performance10. Hospital employees and their perception of sports as a recreational activity A case of St. Georges Hospital, London.Let us help you Write your DissertationReferencesReferencesLinking address Sports Science Degree1. http//www.guardian.co.uk/money/2010/dec/11/sports-science-degree

Misguided Ink

Tattoos today are becoming very popular indoors the younger generation. Despite this creative trend of self expression, society still places judgment upon inked individuals. What ever happened to, dont stress a book by its cover? Unfortunately, people fail to the person who really Lies john the Ink. Having tattoos contribute lead to a lot of misjudgment. Especially In the workplace.An employer might misjudge a potential employee with tattoos for a criminal, without a second thought. Even though it may be true that most prisoners corroborate tattoos, its non right to put everyone with a tattoo in that category. Even a prisoner with a tattoo could be falsely accused. Also, an employer might consider tattoos as a sign of less In ascertainigence. Since when does art plough a sign of a weak mind? Being creative helps open closed minds. Whats on a persons skin should not determine there abilities to work.Eventually, with the growing trend of tattoos, employers are going to have to r econsider there tattoo policies. One day this younger generation result be doing the hiring, it will become rare to not have tattoos. Regardless, there Is still a human being d possess the Ink. Toffees make a statement groups, religion, and even memories. Tattoos are transforming into an art form rather than a small(a) form according to some perspectives. As humans we have the gift of free will, who has the right to tell us what we can and cannot put on our bodies?Whether we use the gift of free will for good or bad we should not be Judged, since we all have a story to tell whether we express it with a tattoo or on a piece of paper. Tattoos are a creative right smart of expressing interior feelings to the reality, and can help with self esteem issues ND give someone a raise of confidence. To look down upon someone with tattoos without knowing the full story behind the ink is like throwing forward a flower. It takes a brave individual to express themselves to the world with a permanent line of ink.To be careless about what others may think of there bodied art is rather spontaneous. Judging a person with a tattoo is similar to Judging a child for coloring outside the lines. semblance outside the lines can give someone the sense of freedom and self. What is even more misjudged is the creator behind the ink. Tattoo artist can be misjudged as well. The effort, thought, and talent that goes into the creating process of the tattoo can be challenging and time consuming.The creative process needs necessary machinery, a body with an idea, an experienced avocation rather than a real profession. Some would fail to realize tattoo artist have get art degrees, while spending years building a portfolio of beautiful masterpieces of Art is everywhere, without it life would be a blank boring canvas. Some people may themselves as a canvas to quell color on. A tattoo is a way of expressing a feeling or image. Everyone has feelings, there is no need to place Judgment o n someone who is tot afraid to express there inner being.A piece of art is a unique form of identity, we all want to be noticed, and have diverse ways of showing it. Its not right to Judge another as one is perfect. Color your own walls and leave no room for Judgment. There is more than what meets the eye, not everything that is seen is as bad as it seems. A open mind can set a soul free. Its not good to let the world define an individual based on there appearance. Dont let the world define sweetie. True beauty and strength comes from within the soul, and Ink is only skin deep. Tattoos bleed out character.

Upland environments are too fragile for intensive leisure use

When smell at heapous environments I go forth need to define what is an upland environment. The difficulty which I found was that it was actu every last(predicate)y hard to define what an upland environment is in that respectfore I questioned four geography teachers of what they thought was an upland environment. They replied that an upland environment is an environment, which is above 200 meteres, and these stinkpot include internal put and mountain resorts. intense unfilled use is an bea where a lot of unoccupied activities ar taking conduct by day-trippers.Fragile is a word which describes an argona where a lot of activities atomic take 18 taking place except they having a bad effect on the environment therefore making it unsustainable or that environment is easily destructed by the activities which are taking place e. g. waste activities. Leisure activities on national parks both bemuse a plus effect and a negative effect. An example of a positive effect maybe its unassailable for a person health and a negative effect could be destruction of footpaths but what should be done is that upland environments need to be made much sustainable therefore they wont be fragile for intensive leisure use.In this essay I leave alone be looking at national parks and mountain resorts in MEDCS and not in LEDCS, as national parks in these countries need more(prenominal) protection from tourists rather than one-day trippers. Also only upper-class heap in these countries can afford to visit national parks and rest of population are farthermost to poor to afford the transport and many are too busy working in revision to have a living of some kind. The motorways and railway networks are not as good in LEDCS as they are in MEDCS. When I am looking at MEDCS national parks and mountain resorts.I lead be looking at the impacts that leisure activities have had on upland environments. I will look both at the positive and negative effects of leisure acti vities and look at ways in which it could be more sustainable. Finally I will give conclusion whether or not upland environments are too fragile for intensive leisure use. The first area, which I will be looking at, is a national park in the UK. The national park, which will be looking at, is the peak districts and a village called Castleton. Castleton is a honey pot during the months of April- August it receives up to 900 visitors on Sundays.already you can see the problems that are going to occur. The visitor numbers are so high on Sundays because many people have a day off work on Sundays and the motorways M1 and M62 are truly close which enlightens it easier for people to travel to peak districts and nowadays nearly everyone can afford a cable car to travel unlike LEDCS where many people cannot afford the transport and do have high spendable income. The cities of Sheffield (493582) and Manchester (438202) are also very close so many of the one day visitors could come from th ere. This is other reason for the high number of visitors.The months between April and August is that weather conditions are likely to be good for leisure activities to take place therefore more visits are likely to occur putting force per unit area on the environment. To light up it more sustainable they need to make the winter months more withdrawive and appealing therefore this would even out the number of visitors and less pressure on the environment and less leisure activities wouldnt only be taking part in the spring and summer months. The leisure activities, which take place in the peak district national park, are as follows sightseeing, hiking, riding, cycling, climbing, caving, hang gliding and canoeing.The impact that hiking and settle seeing have is that they destroy the footpaths and therefore footpath erosion takes place and heather and other plants are destroyed and litter may be thrown anywhere. What needs to happen is that people need to be aware of these fac tors like in Malham there are no bins and people have to take the chicken feed away themselves. Climbing and caving have another impact as white powder is left on the rocks which climbers use in order to have a better grip. This can erode rocks and the hooks left behind can crack the rocks.Hang gliding is another leisure activity which affects the environment as it takes along run up and this activity doesnt fit the environment it cause visual pollution. The second region, which I am going to look at, is the Banff National Park in Canada and in a state called Alberta. over 75% of the visitors are Albertianins and the access is made easy by road, railway, buses and plane services to this area. In attachment people now have their own cars than they did about 75 years ago this may have resulted in more one day trippers coming to the area.The popular times of the year are the summer months particularly August and September this is correspondent to the Peak Districts. There are res trictions placed on all visitors as they are charged fees to enter the park in addition there are camp permit fee and a permit fee for fishing unlike the peak Districts as there are no fees for doing these activities. Furthermore there are very dangerous animals such as bears and cougars that could dishonor the visitors therefore visitors need to be educated about these animals when they are sight seeing. These restrictions do not live on in the peak districts.The leisure activities taking in the Banff National Park are very similar to those of the peak Districts. The leisure activities taking place as follows locomoteing, snow boarding, other winter sports, sightseeing, hiking, canoeing and camping. Skiing does make the environment more fragile as deforestation has occurred in order to make way for ski runs. This results in habitats being destroyed and more avalanches are going to occur as there are no trees stop them. This could result in more deaths but could benefit them eco nomically as more people are going to spend money on go.It will depend on the equal benefit. In order to make more sustainable less trees need to be cut stack and winter sports have the same effect as travel. Hiking and sight seeing may also destroy the footpaths in the park like in the Peak Districts in addition it could disturb the wild animals and plants may be trampled over. Camping may lead to litter thrown everywhere on the grass and this can affect the environment by bear coming getting into the litter either by grate on coke can or eating ploythene wrapper for sandwiches in addition a give the gate could occur which result in the destruction of the whole park.This has happened in national parks in the US again destroying habitats for animals and beautiful scenery. The third region I am going to look at is the quite a little resort in north-western region of Italy. It is an alpine region. This region receives a lot of visitors and the main attractions are the skiing re sorts. Skinning has brought positive effects to the area and people now have better jobs that are paid more than farming and forestry. Also the standard of living has improved for the local people.Roads, water supplies and sewerage have been improved. The problems that are occurring in this area, is that due to a high demand for skiing more enlarged ski runs are being built but this means that deforestation has occurred at the mountain slopes and furthermore there is an emergence in the number of winter sports which has resulted in mountain top soil being eroded away and alpine vegetation has been reduced. All of these actions have resulted in more avalanches as trees have been cleared to make way for the new ski runs.Also the danger flooding has substantially increased during the summer thunderstorms or following snow melt in spring. There are other climatic problems such as some winters the snowfall is light, late in arriving and not lying long at low altitudes which has resulted skiing at higher levels were the environment is more fragile. I will conclude that having looked at each of the divergent regions for upland environments I have said that upland environments are too fragile for intensive leisure use unless they are made sustainable.Castleton in the Peak Districts needs reduce the number of visitors in the summer either by adding fees. The roads and the vehicles cannot cope with the amount of vehicles in the summer months although efforts have been made to attract visitors to the during the winter months by adding lights furthermore there needs to be a reduction in the number golf courses. At the moment money is brought to the area by these leisure activities but once the environment is destroyed no one will come to the Peak District therefore the economical benefits will disappear.This also goes for Courmayeur as the skiing has brought economical benefits to the area as less people are going away but once the environments destroyed then the visito rs will not come therefore economical benefits will go. People can make National Parks and mountain resorts sustainable now or if they do not make them sustainable then for the future they will be destroyed by the leisure activities taking place and their knock effects in addition to this economic benefits will disappear as well.EvaluationThe research, which I have carried out, is secondary research and Primary research could have occurred but I did no have the time and money to go and visit the Banff National Park or Courmayeur. This study downside of this report as the data gathered for primary would have been more accurate and up-to-date.